距2021年考研倒計時 天
英文中的符號到底有什么含義呢？它在文章中起到什么樣的作用呢？我想不用我多說，絕對每個人都知道，英文中的符號的作用和漢語是一樣的。接下來我們就細分下英語閱讀中那些符號的秘密。
“逗號comma ”
用于分割并列成分。考研重點：兩個逗號之間，或者一個逗號之后，如果是補充說明成分時，跳過不看。
Eg. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.
“句號period/fullstop ”
①用于陳述句，表示一個句子的結束，起分割切分句子作用。
②用于某些縮略詞之后。比如Mr.、Ms.、etc.等等。如果句號作為簡寫符號使用，那么這個詞語簡寫前后面的符號應該照常寫上，因為簡寫號并非句號，也不遵循句號的語法。比如Entreprise Co.，Ltd或者I invited Tom，Jerry，etc..(注意兩個點)。
③用作小數(shù)點
“問號 ”
考研英語閱讀文章中的問號一般都是設問的功能，只問不答，答案不言自明。Eg1.考研難道沒有價值嗎?另外，如果開篇就是問句，那么則屬于問題答案型文章，對問題的回答就是全文主旨。
“冒號(colon)：冒號前后是從抽象到具體的過程，后面進一步補充說明前面的內容。 ”
Eg.1997 passage3 Q2
60.The word "pervasive" (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean________.
[A]widespread[B]overwhelming
[C]piercing[D]fashionable
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
“分號(semi-colon)：分號(semi-colon)前后是并列關系，包括結構上并列和語義上的并列。”
For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. (2000 Passage2)
“引號(quotationmarks)引號(quotationmarks)：①引用②強調③諷刺”
Eg1 “Scientific” creationism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science.
“括號(parentheses)：括號(parentheses)①解釋說明生詞。②補充說明”
Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. (1997，Text 3)
“破折號(dash)”
①一個破折號后面起補充說明或評價判斷。
I am an idiot - the stupidest kind of all.“This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does — and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
②兩破折號之間其補充說明，可先跳過不看。
In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
“省略號(ellipsis)...”
英文中的省略號的作用和漢語是一樣的。當省略號在句圍并且有下文時，應該打四個點，最 后一個為句號。如：Anditflewfurther，andfurther，andfurther....Jorgesmiledandturnedback.當省略號在句尾并作為語氣延長的作用時，應使用修辭前的標點，如：Doyouloveme...?其余情況下使用三個點。如：The Martians...they just...just bombed our...our town，please send...more...
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